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Elusive microbe that consumes ethane found under the sea
A microorganism that consumes ethane in the absence of environmental oxygen has been discovered. In the depths of the sea, this microbe, which oxidizes ethane, partners with another that reduces sulfate to sulfide.
Stephen W. Ragsdale
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Syndecan 1 is a critical mediator of macropinocytosis in pancreatic cancer
In an inducible mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the signalling defect that underlies 90% of these tumours causes increased cell-surface expression of syndecan 1, leading to misregulation of macropinocytosis, and linking the defective signalling with nutrient-salvage pathways.
Wantong Yao, Johnathon L. Rose, Wei Wang et al.
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Climate–land-use interactions shape tropical mountain biodiversity and ecosystem functions
Elevational trends in biodiversity and ecosystem functions across natural and anthropogenic habitats on Mount Kilimanjaro show that the effects of land use are strongly mediated by climate.
Marcell K. Peters, Andreas Hemp, Tim Appelhans et al.
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How climate and human activity shape a mountain ecosystem
A detailed biological assessment of Africa’s highest mountain explores how climate modulates the effects of human land use on plants, animals, microorganisms and a diverse array of ecosystem functions.
Robert M. Pringle
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Mapping changes in housing in sub-Saharan Africa from 2000 to 2015
The prevalence of improved housing (with improved drinking water and sanitation, sufficient living area and durable construction) in urban and rural sub-Saharan Africa doubled between 2000 and 2015.
Lucy S. Tusting, Donal Bisanzio, Graham Alabaster et al.
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Chemosensory modulation of neural circuits for sodium appetite
Sodium appetite in mice is driven by a neural circuit that is focused on neurons of the pre-locus coeruleus and integrates the sensory detection of sodium and internal signals.
Sangjun Lee, Vineet Augustine, Yuan Zhao et al.
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Mid-latitude net precipitation decreased with Arctic warming during the Holocene
A reduced gradient in temperatures between low and high latitudes during the Holocene led to drier mid-latitudes.
Cody C. Routson, Nicholas P. McKay, Darrell S. Kaufman et al.
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Structural variation in the gut microbiome associates with host health
The authors systematically characterize structural variation in the genomes of gut microbiota and show that they are associated with bacterial fitness and with host risk factors, and that examining genes coded in these regions facilitates investigation of mechanisms that may underlie these associations.
David Zeevi, Tal Korem, Anastasia Godneva et al.
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Attachment of the blastoderm to the vitelline envelope affects gastrulation of insects
In the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) and fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), spatiotemporally coordinated integrin-dependent attachments between the blastoderm and vitelline envelope counteract tissue-intrinsic contractile forces to create asymmetric movements of embryonic tissue.
Stefan Münster, Akanksha Jain, Alexander Mietke et al.
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Anaerobic oxidation of ethane by archaea from a marine hydrocarbon seep
An archaeon, ‘Candidatus Argoarchaeum ethanivorans’, which is involved in the oxidation of ethane observed in anoxic marine habitats, is identified and metabolically characterized.
Song-Can Chen, Niculina Musat, Oliver J. Lechtenfeld et al.
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CAR T cell trogocytosis and cooperative killing regulate tumour antigen escape
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) promote antigen loss in tumour cells by trogocytosis, which results in T cell fratricide killing and exhaustion but can be counteracted by cooperative killing and combinatorial targeting.
Mohamad Hamieh, Anton Dobrin, Annalisa Cabriolu et al.
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A gut-to-brain signal of fluid osmolarity controls thirst satiation
Drinking behaviour in mice is regulated by a signal derived from the water and salt content of the gastrointestinal tract that is transmitted to forebrain neurons that control thirst via the vagus nerve.
Christopher A. Zimmerman, Erica L. Huey, Jamie S. Ahn et al.
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Van der Waals contacts between three-dimensional metals and two-dimensional semiconductors
Ultraclean van der Waals bonds between gold-capped indium and a monolayer of the two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenide molybdenum disulfide show desirably low contact resistance at the interface, enabling high-performance field-effect transistors.
Yan Wang, Jong Chan Kim, Ryan J. Wu et al.
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Transcriptome-scale super-resolved imaging in tissues by RNA seqFISH+
seqFISH+, an evolution of sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization with super-resolution imaging capabilities, is used to image mRNAs of 10,000 genes in cultured cells and mouse brain slices, demonstrating the ability to generate spatial atlases and to perform discovery-driven studies in situ.
Chee-Huat Linus Eng, Michael Lawson, Qian Zhu et al.
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Measurement of quantum back action in the audio band at room temperature
Future gravitational-wave detectors are expected to be limited by quantum back action, which is now found in the audio band in a low-loss optomechanical system.
Jonathan Cripe, Nancy Aggarwal, Robert Lanza et al.
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Biocompatible UHPLC System
Shimadzu's Nexera Bio UHPLC offers the ultimate in peace of mind for biomolecule analysis. The system offers contaminant-free solvent delivery, leak-free connections and low surface activity, system pressure tolerance at 66 MPa while maintaining an inert flow path, and metal-free injections to minimize carryover.
Learn more. |
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The expanding landscape of ‘oncohistone’ mutations in human cancers
The characterization of missense histone mutations that occur across several cancer types provides insight into the potential role of these mutations in altering chromatin structure and potentially contributing to tumour development.
Benjamin A. Nacev, Lijuan Feng, John D. Bagert et al.
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Neoantigen-directed immune escape in lung cancer evolution
RNA sequencing data and tumour pathology observations of non-small-cell lung cancers indicate that the immune cell microenvironment exerts strong evolutionary selection pressures that shape the immune-evasion capacity of tumours.
Rachel Rosenthal, Elizabeth Larose Cadieux, Roberto Salgado et al.
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Structural basis of lipopolysaccharide extraction by the LptB2FGC complex
Cryo-electron microscopy structures of LptB2FGC, in nucleotide-free and vanadate-trapped states, reveal the mechanism of lipopolysaccharide extraction from the inner membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and a role for LptC in efficient lipopolysaccharide transport.
Yanyan Li,
Benjamin J. Orlando,
Maofu Liao
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Topological chiral crystals with helicoid-arc quantum states
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements reveal that CoSi and RhSi are nearly ideal topological conductors, with structural chirality and surface helicoid arcs of topological charge ±2 arising from bulk multifold chiral states.
Daniel S. Sanchez, Ilya Belopolski, Tyler A. Cochran et al.
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Colossal barocaloric effects in plastic crystals
Colossal barocaloric effects are observed in the plastic crystal neopentylglycol and found to originate from the extensive molecular orientational disorder, giant compressibility and highly anharmonic lattice dynamics of the material.
Bing Li, Yukinobu Kawakita, Seiko Ohira-Kawamura et al.
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Managing nitrogen to restore water quality in China
Estimates of spatial patterns of nitrogen discharge into water bodies across China between 1955 and 2014 show that current discharge rates are almost three times the acceptable threshold, and ways to restore a clean water environment are suggested.
ChaoQing Yu, Xiao Huang, Han Chen et al.
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Efficacy of MEK inhibition in patients with histiocytic neoplasms
A proof-of-concept clinical trial of patients with histiocytoses with MAPK-pathway mutations showed durable responses to treatment with the MEK1 and MEK2 inhibitor cobimetinib, which indicates that histiocytic neoplasms are dependent on MAPK signalling.
Eli L. Diamond, Benjamin H. Durham, Gary A. Ulaner et al.
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NR4A transcription factors limit CAR T cell function in solid tumours
Transfer of NR4A-deficient T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors is shown to reduce tumour burden and increase survival by shifting T cell transcriptional programs away from exhaustion and towards increased effector function.
Joyce Chen, Isaac F. López-Moyado, Hyungseok Seo et al.
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Glucocorticoids promote breast cancer metastasis
In patient-derived xenograft models of breast cancer in mice, an increase in stress hormones during progression or treatment with their synthetic derivatives activates the glucocorticoid receptor, and results in increased metastatic colonization and reduced survival.
Milan M. S. Obradović, Baptiste Hamelin, Nenad Manevski et al.
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Structural basis of unidirectional export of lipopolysaccharide to the cell surface
Crystal structures of a five-protein complex comprising the inner-membrane components of the bacterial lipopolysaccharide transporter provide insight into the mechanism of extraction of lipopolysaccharide from the inner membrane and its transport to the outer membrane.
Tristan W. Owens, Rebecca J. Taylor, Karanbir S. Pahil et al.
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