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Nature
Podcast 14 March 2019
There's no regular edition of the Nature Podcast
this week, instead we’ve got an extended News Chat between Benjamin
Thompson and Amy Maxmen.
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Mechanism
of DNA translocation underlying chromatin remodelling by Snf2
Cryo-EM structures of yeast Snf2 bound to the
nucleosome in the presence of ADP or an ATP analogue reveal that
Snf2 binding leads to distortion of the DNA, and a two-step
mechanism underlying chromatin remodelling by Snf2 is proposed.
Meijing Li, Xian Xia, Yuanyuan Tian et al.
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Discovery
of a pathway for terminal-alkyne amino acid biosynthesis
Microbial generation of a terminal-alkyne-containing
amino acid can be encoded into E. coli and provides the
potential for in vivo generation of proteins and natural products
for click chemistry.
J. A. Marchand, M. E. Neugebauer, M. C. Ing et
al.
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Histone
serotonylation is a permissive modification that enhances TFIID
binding to H3K4me3
In serotonin-rich tissues, tissue transglutaminase 2
is able to attach serotonin to a glutamine residue in histone H3;
this modification mediates permissive gene expression in these
tissues.
Lorna A. Farrelly, Robert E. Thompson, Shuai Zhao
et al.
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Structure
of the human LAT1–4F2hc heteromeric amino acid transporter complex
The cryo-EM structure of the LAT1–4F2hc complex, a
heteromeric amino acid transporter, is characterized, providing
insights into its function and the mechanisms through which
mutations of this complex could cause disease.
Renhong Yan, Xin Zhao, Jianlin Lei et al.
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Pore-forming
small molecules offer a promising way to tackle cystic fibrosis
In cystic fibrosis, ion-transport abnormalities
cause problems in many organs. A small molecule that forms
cell-membrane pores allowing ion transport shows therapeutic
promise in human cells and a model of the disease.
David N. Sheppard, Anthony P. Davis
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Feature-selective
encoding of substrate vibrations in the forelimb somatosensory
cortex
Responses to passive vibration of the forelimb in
the mouse somatosensory cortex rely on a rate code that is
selectively tuned to a combination of stimulus frequency and amplitude,
and originate from deep mechanoreceptors close to the bones.
Mario Prsa, Karin Morandell, Géraldine Cuenu et
al.
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Enzyme-catalysed
[6+4] cycloadditions in the biosynthesis of natural products
Enzymatic catalysis of pericyclic [6+4]
cycloaddition reactions to form ten-membered rings is observed
during biosynthesis of the macrocyclic antibiotic streptoseomycin,
and the mechanism of these transformations is established.
Bo Zhang, Kai Biao Wang, Wen Wang et al.
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Novel
insights from uncultivated genomes of the global human gut
microbiome
Stephen Nayfach, Zhou Jason Shi, Rekha Seshadri
et al.
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Small-molecule
ion channels increase host defences in cystic fibrosis airway
epithelia
Amphotericin B forms nonselective transmembrane ion
channels, and restores host defences of cystic fibrosis airway
epithelia independently of the regulatory function
of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance.
Katrina A. Muraglia, Rajeev S. Chorghade, Bo Ram Kim
et al.
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Efficacy
of MEK inhibition in patients with histiocytic neoplasms
A proof-of-concept clinical trial of patients with
histiocytoses with MAPK-pathway mutations showed durable responses
to treatment with the MEK1 and MEK2 inhibitor cobimetinib, which
indicates that histiocytic neoplasms are dependent on MAPK
signalling.
Eli L. Diamond, Benjamin H. Durham, Gary A. Ulaner
et al.
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Modification
of histone proteins by serotonin in the nucleus
The function of histone proteins can be modified
through addition or removal of certain chemical groups. The
addition of a serotonin molecule is a newly found histone
modification that could influence gene expression.
Marlene Cervantes, Paolo Sassone-Corsi
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Histone
H3 trimethylation at lysine 36 guides m6A RNA
modification co-transcriptionally
METTL14 recognizes the trimethyl mark on lysine 36
of histone H3 that directs m6A modifications
co-transcriptionally.
Huilin Huang, Hengyou Weng, Keren Zhou et al.
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Glucocorticoids
promote breast cancer metastasis
In patient-derived xenograft models of breast cancer
in mice, an increase in stress hormones during progression or
treatment with their synthetic derivatives activates the
glucocorticoid receptor, and results in increased metastatic
colonization and reduced survival.
Milan M. S. Obradović, Baptiste Hamelin, Nenad
Manevski et al.
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Dynamics
of breast-cancer relapse reveal late-recurring ER-positive genomic
subgroups
A statistical framework for breast-cancer recurrence
uses long-term follow-up data and a knowledge of molecular
subcategories to model distinct disease stages and to predict the
risk of relapse.
Oscar M. Rueda, Stephen-John Sammut, Jose A. Seoane
et al.
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Broadband
electro-optic frequency comb generation in a lithium niobate
microring resonator
Using a thin-film lithium niobate photonic platform,
an electro-optic frequency comb generator is realized that is
capable of producing wide and stable spectra, spanning more
frequencies than the entire telecommunications L-band.
Mian Zhang, Brandon Buscaino, Cheng Wang et al.
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Enzymes
trapped and zapped for use outside cells
Many enzymes cooperate with other proteins and small
molecules to function. A strategy that mimics the confinement of
such cooperative partners in cells might allow these enzymes to be
used in applications outside biological systems.
Alison Narayan
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Benchtop Linear MALDI-TOF Mass Spec
Shimadzu's benchtop MALDI-8020 delivers sensitive detection
and accurate mass determination by MALDI-TOF MS in a
dependable, robust, and easy-to-maintain platform. Intuitive
software simplifies operation and enables 21 CFR Part 11
compliance.
Learn more
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Bacterial
cGAS-like enzymes synthesize diverse nucleotide signals
A bacterial family of cGAS/DncV-like
nucleotidyltransferases synthesizes a diverse range of cyclic
dinucleotide and trinucleotide compounds that are likely to
modulate the interaction of both pathogens and commensal
microbiota with their animal and plant hosts.
Aaron T. Whiteley, James B.
Eaglesham, Carina C. de Oliveira Mann et al.
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Optical
clock comparison for Lorentz symmetry testing
Agreement between two single-ion clocks is
demonstrated experimentally at the 10−18 level over a
six-month period, confirming a key postulate of Einstein’s theory
of relativity with hundredfold-improved precision.
Christian Sanner, Nils
Huntemann, Richard Lange et al.
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Supervised
learning with quantum-enhanced feature spaces
Two classification algorithms that use the quantum
state space to produce feature maps are demonstrated on a
superconducting processor, enabling the solution of problems when
the feature space is large and the kernel functions are
computationally expensive to estimate.
Vojtěch Havlíček, Antonio D.
Córcoles, Kristan Temme et al.
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Electrical
resistivity across a nematic quantum critical point
The pattern of electrical resistivity in an
unconventional superconductor at high magnetic fields and low
temperatures across the nematic quantum critical point reveals
two classic signatures of quantum criticality.
S. Licciardello, J. Buhot, J.
Lu et al.
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Self-formed
bedrock waterfalls
Even in the absence of external perturbations,
waterfalls can gradually form from planar bedrock riverbeds as a
result of unstable interactions between flow hydraulics, sediment
transport and bedrock erosion.
Joel S. Scheingross, Michael P.
Lamb, Brian M. Fuller
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A
radical switch in clonality reveals a stem cell niche in the
epiphyseal growth plate
Clonal genetic tracing is used to demonstrate
that, in mice, longitudinal bone growth during fetal and neonatal
periods relies on the gradual consumption of chondroprogenitors,
whereas in adults, a stem cell niche is formed allowing renewing
of chondroprogenitors and leading to formation of large, stable
monoclonal columns of chondrocytes.
Phillip T. Newton, Lei Li,
Baoyi Zhou et al.
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natureevents directory featured events
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Natureevents
Directory is the premier resource for scientists
looking for the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and
symposia. Featured across Nature Research journals and centrally at natureevents.com
it is an essential reference guide to scientific events worldwide.
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Nature Limited. All rights reserved.
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