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Cancer patients need better care, not just more technology
Treating cancer with the latest drugs and techniques is costly and will not improve survival globally, warn Richard Sullivan, C. S. Pramesh and Christopher M. Booth.
Richard Sullivan, C. S. Pramesh, Christopher M. Booth |
Bring on the bodyNET
Stretchable sensors, circuits and batteries are about to change our relationships with electronics and each other, explain Bryant Chu and colleagues.
Bryant Chu, William Burnett, Jong Won Chung et al. |
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Cancer: Drain the swamp to beat glioma
Efforts to treat brain tumours by targeting cancer cells have had only modest clinical success. It emerges that targeting a protein secreted from neurons adjacent to the tumour might be a useful alternative approach. |
Ecology: A matter of time for tropical diversity
There is a species-diversity gradient on Earth, with the greatest diversity found near the Equator. Analysis of forest data now reveals a mechanism aiding species coexistence in the tropics that might underlie this phenomenon. |
Strains, functions and dynamics in the expanded Human Microbiome Project
Updates from the Human Microbiome Project analyse the largest known body-wide metagenomic profile of human microbiome personalization. |
Axonal synapse sorting in medial entorhinal cortex
Path-length-dependent axonal synapse sorting of local presynaptic axons of excitatory neurons in the rat medial entorhinal cortex results in sequential targeting of inhibitory and excitatory neurons, which are connected by a cellular feedforward inhibition circuit. |
Genome editing reveals a role for OCT4 in human embryogenesis
Genome editing in human zygotes shows that OCT4 is required for normal development at an earlier stage in humans than in mice. |
Epigenetic restriction of extraembryonic lineages mirrors the somatic transition to cancer
Analysis of global remethylation in mouse embryos at several developmental stages identifies an epigenetic landscape that partitions extraembryonic tissues within the embryo and resembles a frequent, global departure in genome regulation in human cancers. |
Patchy particles made by colloidal fusion
By exploiting geometric constraints and interfacial forces instead of chemistry, colloidal clusters can be controllably coalesced into particles with uniformly distributed surface patches. |
Layer-by-layer assembly of two-dimensional materials into wafer-scale heterostructures
Layer-by-layer stacking enables the construction of transition-metal dichalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures with high-quality, uniform interfaces and tunable electrical properties. |
Targeting neuronal activity-regulated neuroligin-3 dependency in high-grade glioma
The growth of adult and paediatric brain tumours depends on a microenvironmental signalling pathway involving the activity-regulated secretion of neuroligin-3 (NLGN3) from normal neurons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells, highlighting the potential of NLGN3 as a therapeutic target. |
Comparative glycoproteomics of stem cells identifies new players in ricin toxicity
A novel quantitative approach to identify intact glycopeptides from comparative proteomic data sets, allowing inference of complex glycan structures and direct mapping of them to sites within the associated proteins at the proteome scale. |
ApoE4 markedly exacerbates tau-mediated neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy
ApoE4 exacerbates tau pathogenesis, neuroinflammation and tau-mediated neurodegeneration independently of brain amyloid-β pathology, and exerts a ‘toxic’ gain of function whereas its absence is protective. |
Parental influence on human germline de novo mutations in 1,548 trios from Iceland
Whole-genome sequencing data of 14,688 Icelanders, including 1,548 parent–offspring trios, show how the age and sex of parents affect the rate and spectrum of de novo mutations. |
Regulation of DNA repair pathway choice in S and G2 phases by the NHEJ inhibitor CYREN
CYREN is a direct inhibitor of classical non-homologous end joining that promotes error-free repair by homologous recombination during the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. |
Temporal coexistence mechanisms contribute to the latitudinal gradient in forest diversity
High tree species diversity in tropical forests is driven by reduced interspecific competition relative to intraspecific competition, as a result of the asynchronous timing of tree recruitment permitted by long and stable growing seasons. |
| Enhanced proofreading governs CRISPR–Cas9 targeting accuracy |
| Corrigendum: Nuclear PKM2 regulates β-catenin transactivation upon EGFR activation |
| Corrigendum: Stability and function of regulatory T cells expressing the transcription factor T-bet |
| Corrigendum: High-temperature crystallization of nanocrystals into three-dimensional superlattices |
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| Brief Communications Arising |
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Rabies screen reveals GPe control of cocaine-triggered plasticity
A rabies virus-based monosynaptic tracing method is used to show that the external globus pallidus plays a critical role in cocaine-induced behavioural plasticity.
Kevin T. Beier, Christina K. Kim, Paul Hoerbelt et al. |
The neuropeptide NMU amplifies ILC2-driven allergic lung inflammation
Neuromedin receptor NMUR1 is specifically expressed by a subpopulation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells and promotes the inflammatory response of these cells in response to allergens, indicating the importance of neuro-immune crosstalk in allergic responses.
Antonia Wallrapp, Samantha J. Riesenfeld, Patrick R. Burkett et al. |
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Stereodivergent synthesis with a programmable molecular machine
A molecular machine that can be programmed to position a substrate at one of two directing sites on a molecule, which control the stereochemistry of addition to the substrate, demonstrates complexity, precision and function previously only observed in nature.
Salma Kassem, Alan T. L. Lee, David A. Leigh et al. |
cGAS senses long and HMGB/TFAM-bound U-turn DNA by forming protein–DNA ladders
A molecular mechanism for the sensitive detection of long and U-turn DNA by cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) both in vitro and in human cells.
Liudmila Andreeva, Björn Hiller, Dirk Kostrewa et al. |
3D printing of high-strength aluminium alloys
Zirconium nanoparticles introduced into aluminium alloy powders control solidification during 3D printing, enabling the production of crack-free materials with strengths comparable to the corresponding wrought material.
John H. Martin, Brennan D. Yahata, Jacob M. Hundley et al. |
A somatic mutation in erythro-myeloid progenitors causes neurodegenerative disease
Braf V600E expression in resident macrophage progenitors leads to clonal expansion of ERK-activated microglia, which causes synaptic and neuronal loss in the brain and results in lethal neurodegenerative disease in adult mice.
Elvira Mass, Christian E. Jacome-Galarza, Thomas Blank et al. |
A binary main-belt comet
Analysis based on high-resolution observations from the Hubble Space Telescope shows that the asteroid 288P is a binary main-belt comet, with properties unlike any known binary asteroid.
Jessica Agarwal, David Jewitt, Max Mutchler et al. |
Tunable interacting composite fermion phases in a half-filled bilayer-graphene Landau level
Various fractional quantum Hall phases are observed in a new generation of bilayer-graphene-based van der Waals heterostructures, including an even-denominator state predicted to harbour non-Abelian anyons.
A. A. Zibrov, C. Kometter, H. Zhou et al. |
The Apostasia genome and the evolution of orchids OPEN
Comparing the whole genome sequence of Apostasia shenzhenica with transcriptome and genome data from five orchid subfamilies permits the reconstruction of an ancestral gene toolkit, providing insight into orchid origins, evolution and diversification.
Guo-Qiang Zhang, Ke-Wei Liu, Zhen Li et al. |
Palmitoylation-dependent activation of MC1R prevents melanomagenesis
The protein modification palmitoylation increases the ability of variant forms of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) to induce pigmentation, and this is linked to reduced development of melanomas.
Shuyang Chen, Bo Zhu, Chengqian Yin et al. |
Competing memories of mitogen and p53 signalling control cell-cycle entry
Mother cells transmit mitogen-induced CCND1 mRNA and DNA damage-induced p53 protein to newly born daughter cells, where synthesized cyclin D1 and the p53-regulated CDK inhibitor p21 directly compete to decide between proliferation and quiescence.
Hee Won Yang, Mingyu Chung, Takamasa Kudo et al. |
Alternative evolutionary histories in the sequence space of an ancient protein
Combining ancestral protein reconstruction with deep mutational scanning to characterize alternative histories in the sequence space around an ancient transcription factor reveals hundreds of alternative protein sequences that use diverse biochemical mechanisms to perform the derived function at least as well as the historical outcome.
Tyler N. Starr, Lora K. Picton, Joseph W. Thornton |
The cryo-electron microscopy structure of human transcription factor IIH
The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the ten-subunit human transcription factor IIH, revealing the molecular architecture of the TFIIH core complex, the detailed structures of its constituent XPB and XPD ATPases, and how the core and kinase subcomplexes of TFIIH are connected.
Basil J. Greber, Thi Hoang Duong Nguyen, Jie Fang et al. |
Metallic molybdenum disulfide nanosheet-based electrochemical actuators
Electrochemical actuators based on exfoliated and restacked metallic MoS2 nanosheet electrodes can generate mechanical force in electrolyte solution on intercalation and deintercalation of ions.
Muharrem Acerce, E. Koray Akdoğan, Manish Chhowalla |
Hippocampal LTP and contextual learning require surface diffusion of AMPA receptors
Surface diffusion of AMPA receptors, from extra-synaptic to synaptic sites at the plasma membrane, is essential for full long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons and for fear conditioning in living mice.
A. C. Penn, C. L. Zhang, F. Georges et al. |
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