| | Conservation: The rainforest's 'do not disturb' signs
A study reveals that human-driven disturbances in previously undisturbed Amazon rainforest can cause biodiversity losses as severe as those of deforestation. Urgent policy interventions are needed to preserve forest quality. | Neuroscience: In search of the memory molecule
The protein PKM-ζ has been proposed to regulate the maintenance of memory in rodents, but this theory has been questioned. The finding that another isoform of the protein acts as a backup if PKM-ζ is lacking will influence this debate. | Cell division: A sticky problem for chromosomes
The role of Ki-67 in mitotic cell division has been a mystery. Extensive imaging reveals that this highly positively charged protein coats chromosomes to prevent them from coalescing. | Phenology: Interactions of climate change and species
At what times of year are phenological events across species sensitive to climatic variables, and how sensitive are they? Answers to these questions emerge from the analysis of a wealth of long-term data sets. | Phenological sensitivity to climate across taxa and trophic levels
An ambitious study has used more than 10,000 datasets to examine how the phenological characteristics—such as the timing of reproduction—of various taxa alter in response to climate change, and suggests that differing levels of climate sensitivity could lead to the desynchronization of seasonal events over time. | Cooperative electrocatalytic alcohol oxidation with electron-proton-transfer mediators
A co-catalyst system for electrochemical alcohol oxidation composed of a bipyridine copper catalyst and an electron-proton-transfer mediator called TEMPO operates at much lower potential and is faster than TEMPO alone. | Mid-ocean-ridge seismicity reveals extreme types of ocean lithosphere
The structure and accretion modes of two end-member types of oceanic lithosphere are described using a detailed seismicity survey along 390 kilometres of an ultraslow ridge axis, indicating deeper seismicity in amagmatic regions and explaining the uneven crustal production at ultraslow-spreading ridges. | Lanthanum-catalysed synthesis of microporous 3D graphene-like carbons in a zeolite template
A long-sought three-dimensional graphene-like carbon structure that resembles periodically networked carbon nanotubes is now readily available through lanthanum-catalysed carbon synthesis using a zeolite template. | Suppression of star formation in dwarf galaxies by photoelectric grain heating feedback
Simulations of dwarf galaxies that include photoelectric grain heating and supernovae indicate that the former is the dominant means by which these galaxies regulate their star formation rate, because the latter are unable to account for the observed large gas depletion times. | The nature of mutations induced by replication–transcription collisions
When transcription and replication machineries collide on DNA, they can cause mutations to occur in the area near the collision; these mutations are now shown to include two types—duplications/deletions within the transcription unit and base substitutions in the cis-regulatory element of gene expression. | A core viral protein binds host nucleosomes to sequester immune danger signals
Here, a small core protein of human adenoviruses is shown to associate with histones, sequestering proteins on host chromatin and preventing inflammatory proteins from being released and triggering inflammation. | Allosteric coupling from G protein to the agonist-binding pocket in GPCRs
Here, pharmacological and biochemical evidence is provided that shows that G-protein coupling to the β2-adrenergic receptor stabilizes a ‘closed’ conformation of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and that that the effects of the G protein on the ligand-binding site of the GPCR are observed even in the absence of a bound agonist. | Anthropogenic disturbance in tropical forests can double biodiversity loss from deforestation
Evaluation of the primary forests in the Brazilian state of Pará shows that anthropogenic disturbance can more than double the loss of biodiversity expected from deforestation. | Ki-67 acts as a biological surfactant to disperse mitotic chromosomes
During cell division, chromosomes are maintained as individual units; this process is shown to be mediated by the cell proliferation marker Ki-67, which has biophysical properties similar to those of surfactants. | Toremifene interacts with and destabilizes the Ebola virus glycoprotein
High-resolution structures of the unliganded Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) and of GP bound to the drugs toremifene and ibuprofen are presented, providing insights into how the drugs inhibit viral fusion with the endosomal membrane. | Allosteric inhibition of SHP2 phosphatase inhibits cancers driven by receptor tyrosine kinases
SHP099, a selective inhibitor of signalling meditator SHP2 with drug-like properties, has an allosteric mechanism of action whereby it stabilizes SHP2 in an auto-inhibited conformation, and suppresses RAS–ERK signalling and proliferation in receptor-tyrosine-kinase-driven cancer cell lines and mouse tumour xenograft models. | Bright carbonate deposits as evidence of aqueous alteration on (1) Ceres
High-resolution near-infrared observations of the Occator bright areas on the dwarf planet Ceres suggest that the bright material is mostly made up of endogenous sodium carbonate. | Coordinating cardiomyocyte interactions to direct ventricular chamber morphogenesis
A complex interplay involving Notch- and Erbb2-mediated signalling between cardiomyocytes guides the morphogenesis of the ventricular wall. | | Erratum: The bacterial DnaA-trio replication origin element specifies single-stranded DNA initiator binding | | Corrigendum: Robust neuronal dynamics in premotor cortex during motor planning | | | | 
Labeled Iba1 Antibodies
At the request of our customers, Wako's antibody for the microglial marker Iba1, is now available in labeled forms. Choose from 2 types - one conjugated with Biotin and the other with Red Fluorochrome (635). This can eliminate the need for a secondary antibody, and provides reduced background. | | | | | | | | Paris Agreement climate proposals need a boost to keep warming well below 2 °C
The objective of the Paris climate agreement is to limit global-average temperature increase to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to further pursue limiting it to 1.5 degrees Celsius; here, the adequacy of the national plans submitted in preparation for this agreement is assessed, and it is concluded that substantial enhancement or over-delivery on these plans is required to have a reasonable chance of achieving the Paris climate objective.
Joeri Rogelj, Michel den Elzen, Niklas Höhne et al. | | The Asian monsoon over the past 640,000 years and ice age terminations
Records of the Asian monsoon have been extended to 640,000 years ago, and confirm both that the 100,000-year ice age cycle results from integral numbers of precessional cycles and that insolation influences the pacing of major millennial-scale climate events.
Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, Ashish Sinha et al. | A combinatorial strategy for treating KRAS-mutant lung cancer
A systematic screen identifies FGFR1 signalling reactivation as an adaptive resistance mechanism after MEK inhibition specific for KRAS tumours, which can be targeted by combined inhibition with the clinically approved drugs trametinib and ponatinib.
Eusebio Manchado, Susann Weissmueller, John P. Morris et al. | The landscape of accessible chromatin in mammalian preimplantation embryos
An improved ATAC-seq approach is used to describe a genome-wide view of accessible chromatin and cis-regulatory elements in mouse preimplantation embryos, allowing construction of a regulatory network of early development that helps to identify key modulators of lineage specification.
Jingyi Wu, Bo Huang, He Chen et al. | | A Neptune-sized transiting planet closely orbiting a 5–10-million-year-old star
A fully formed, Neptune-sized planet is observed orbiting a young star, demonstrating that planets can form in less than 10 million years and may also experience inward migration on these timescales.
Trevor J. David, Lynne A. Hillenbrand, Erik A. Petigura et al. | A hot Jupiter orbiting a 2-million-year-old solar-mass T Tauri star
The radial velocities of a young star are measured, revealing the presence of a planet of mass about three-quarters that of Jupiter, orbiting its host star very closely, and thus demonstrating that ‘hot Jupiters’ can migrate inwards in less than two million years.
J. F. Donati, C. Moutou, L. Malo et al. | Tunable two-dimensional arrays of single Rydberg atoms for realizing quantum Ising models
Many proof-of-principle platforms for quantum simulation of spin models have been implemented, but it is difficult to produce a design with sufficient flexibility to realize arbitrary geometries and variable distance; here a platform based on arrays of optical microtraps achieves this flexibility with large atom numbers.
Henning Labuhn, Daniel Barredo, Sylvain Ravets et al. | Synthetic Landau levels for photons
It is an long-standing goal to produce a photonic quantum Hall effect, analogous to the well-known quantum Hall effect for electrons; now an artificial magnetic field for a continuum of photons has been produced, making it possible to observe photonic Landau levels in a photonic quantum Hall material.
Nathan Schine, Albert Ryou, Andrey Gromov et al. | Interdisciplinary research has consistently lower funding success
The degree of interdisciplinarity in research proposals negatively correlates with funding success across a wide range of research fields.
Lindell Bromham, Russell Dinnage, Xia Hua | Mitochondrial unfolded protein response controls matrix pre-RNA processing and translation
Acute protein folding stress in the mitochondrial matrix activates both increased chaperone availability within the matrix and reduced matrix-localized protein synthesis through translational inhibition.
Christian Münch, J. Wade Harper | Cryo-EM structure of a human cytoplasmic actomyosin complex at near-atomic resolution
The first high-resolution structure of a human actomyosin complex reveals the interface between F-actin and myosin in near-atomic detail.
Julian von der Ecken, Sarah M. Heissler, Salma Pathan-Chhatbar et al. | Host-mediated sugar oxidation promotes post-antibiotic pathogen expansion
Antibiotic usage in humans can increase the risk of Salmonella infection by an unknown mechanism; this paper reveals that the antibiotic streptomycin increases the activity of the host-encoded enzyme inducible nitric oxide synthase, this then drives Salmonella expansion by the generation of galactarate — a metabolite normally absent from the gut.
Franziska Faber, Lisa Tran, Mariana X. Byndloss et al. | Switching stiction and adhesion of a liquid on a solid
Switching of static friction and adhesion of a liquid drop on a corrugated solid boron nitride surface is linked to the intercalation of hydrogen, which changes the electric field of in-plane dipole rings and thus reduces the adsorption energy.
Stijn F. L. Mertens, Adrian Hemmi, Stefan Muff et al. | Seasonality of temperate forest photosynthesis and daytime respiration
Climate models require an understanding of ecosystem-scale respiration and photosynthesis, yet there is no way of measuring these two fluxes directly; here, new instrumentation is used to determine these fluxes in a temperate forest, showing, for instance, that respiration is less during the day than at night.
R. Wehr, J. W. Munger, J. B. McManus et al. | Basal forebrain projections to the lateral habenula modulate aggression reward
Here, the circuits underlying the motivational or rewarding component to aggression are deconstructed, showing that an inhibitory projection from the basal forebrain to the lateral habenula bi-directionally controls this aspect of aggression.
Sam A. Golden, Mitra Heshmati, Meghan Flanigan et al. | Rates and mechanisms of bacterial mutagenesis from maximum-depth sequencing
Maximum-depth sequencing (MDS), a new method of detecting extremely rare variants within a bacterial population, is used to show that mutation rates in Escherichia coli vary across the genome by at least an order of magnitude, and also to uncover mechanisms of antibiotic-induced mutagenesis.
Justin Jee, Aviram Rasouly, Ilya Shamovsky et al. | Coordinating cardiomyocyte interactions to direct ventricular chamber morphogenesis
A complex interplay involving Notch- and Erbb2-mediated signalling between cardiomyocytes guides the morphogenesis of the ventricular wall.
Peidong Han, Joshua Bloomekatz, Jie Ren et al. | Widespread transmission of independent cancer lineages within multiple bivalve species
Disseminated neoplasias in three species of bivalve mollusc are attributed to transmissible clonal lines, and neoplasias in one species are caused by cross-species transmission of cancer, suggesting that transmissible neoplasia is common in marine species.
Michael J. Metzger, Antonio Villalba, María J. Carballal et al. | H4K20me0 marks post-replicative chromatin and recruits the TONSL–MMS22L DNA repair complex
We have a limited understanding of how cells mark and identify newly replicated genomic loci that have a sister chromatid; here, unmethylated K20 in the tail of new histone H4 is shown to serve as a signature of post-replicative chromatin, which is specifically recognized by the homologous recombination complex TONSL–MMS22L.
Giulia Saredi, Hongda Huang, Colin M. Hammond et al. | Translation readthrough mitigation
Translation termination sequences are occasionally bypassed by the ribosome and the resulting proteins can be detrimental to the cell; here it is shown that cells can prevent such proteins from accumulating through peptides that are encoded within the 3' UTR of genes in both humans and C. elegans.
Joshua A. Arribere, Elif S. Cenik, Nimit Jain et al. | | | | |
