THE EARLY HISTORY OF SPIN
Spin
The Bohr Planetary Model and Space Quantization
The Birth of “Spin”
The Stern-Gerlach Experiment
The Advent of Spintronics
THE QUANTUM MECHANICS OF SPIN
Pauli Spin Matrices
The Pauli Equation and Spinors
More on the Pauli Equation
Extending the Pauli Equation - the Dirac Equation 
The Time Independent Dirac Equation
Appendix
THE BLOCH SPHERE
The Spinor and the “Qubit”
The Bloch Sphere Concept
EVOLUTION OF A SPINOR
Spin-1/2 Particle in a Constant Magnetic Field: Larmor Precession
Preparing to Derive the Rabi Formula
The Rabi Formula
THE DENSITY MATRIX
The Density Matrix Concept: Case of a Pure State
Properties of the Density Matrix
Pure Versus Mixed State
Concept of the Bloch Ball
Time Evolution of the Density Matrix: Case of Mixed State
The Relaxation Times T1 and T2 and the Bloch Equations
SPIN ORBIT INTERACTION
Spin Orbit Interaction in a Solid
MAGNETO-ELECTRIC SUBBANDS IN QUANTUM CONFINED STRUCTURES IN THE PRESENCE OF SPIN-ORBIT INTERACTION
Dispersion Relations of Spin Resolved Magneto-Electric Subbands and Eigenspinors in a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas in the Presence of Spin-Orbit Interaction
Dispersion Relations of Spin Resolved Magneto-Electric Subbands and Eigenspinors in a One-Dimensional Electron Gas in the Presence of Spin-Orbit Interaction
Magnetic Field Perpendicular to Wire Axis and the Electric Field Causing Rashba Effect
Eigenenergies of Spin Resolved Subbands and Eigenspinors in a Quantum Dot in the Presence of Spin-Orbit Interaction
Why Are the Dispersion Relations Important?
The Three Types of Hall Effect
SPIN RELAXATION
Spin Relaxation Mechanisms
Spin relaxation in a quantum dot
Is the Effective Magnetic Field due to Spin-Orbit Interaction Proportional to v or k?
The Spin Galvanic Effect
EXCHANGE INTERACTION
Identical Particles and the Pauli Exclusion Principle
Hartree and Hartree-Fock Approximations
The Role of Exchange in Ferromagnetism
The Heisenberg Hamiltonian
SPIN TRANSPORT IN SOLIDS
The Drift-Diffusion Model
The Semiclassical Model
Concluding Remarks
PASSIVE SPINTRONIC DEVICES AND RELATED CONCEPTS
Spin Valve
Spin Injection Efficiency
Hysteresis in Spin Valve Magnetoresistance
Giant Magnetoresistance
Spin Accumulation
Spin Injection Across a Ferromagnet/Metal Interface
Spin Injection in a Ferromagnet/Semiconductor/Ferromagnet Spin Valve
Spin Extraction at a Ferromagnetic Contact/Semiconductor Interface
HYBRID SPINTRONICS
Spin based transistors
Spin Field Effect Transistors (SPINFET)
Device Performance of SPINFETs
Power Dissipation Estimates
Other Types of SPINFETs
The Importance of the Spin Injection Efficiency
Transconductance, Gain, Bandwidth and Isolation
Spin Bipolar Junction Transistors (SBJT)
GMR-based Transistors
Concluding Remarks
MONOLITHIC SPINTRONICS
Monolithic Spintronics
Reading and Writing Single Spin
Single Spin Logic
Energy Dissipation Issues
Comparison Between Hybrid and Monolithic Spintronics
Concluding Remarks
QUANTUM COMPUTING WITH SPINS
The Quantum Inverter
Can the NAND Gate Be Switched Without Dissipating Energy?
Universal Reversible Gate: The Toffoli-Fredkin Gate
A-Matrix
Quantum Gates
Qubits
Superposition States
Quantum Parallelism
Universal Quantum Gates
A 2-Qubit “Spintronic” Universal Quantum Gate
Conclusion
A QUANTUM MECHANICS PRIMER
Blackbody Radiation and Quantization of Electromagnetic Energy
The Concept of the Photon
Wave-Particle Duality and the De Broglie Wavelength
Postulates of Quantum Mechanics
Some Elements of Semiconductor Physics: Particular Applications in Nanostructures
The Rayleigh-Ritz Variational Procedure
The Transfer Matrix Formalism