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12月23日出版的 Nature目录

[2010-12-28]

Volume 468 Number 7327

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▼ News & Comment	▼ Biological Sciences	▼ Chemical Sciences

▼ Physical Sciences	▼ Earth & Enviromental Sciences	▼ Careers & Jobs

This week's highlights

Biological Sciences

More Biological sciences ▼

A population-specific HTR2B stop codon predisposes to severe impulsivity

A mutation within the serotonin receptor gene HTR2B is linked to impulsive behaviour in a study of Finnish criminal offenders - though just carrying the mutation is not sufficient to cause such behaviour or to predict it.

Biological Sciences

More Biological sciences ▼

Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia

The genome of a female archaic hominin from the Denisova Cave in southern Siberia has been sequenced from DNA extracted from a finger bone. She shares a common origin with Neanderthals and 'Denisovan' genes contributed about 5 per cent of the genome in present-day Melanesians.

Physical Sciences

More Physical sciences ▼

Spin-orbit qubit in a semiconductor nanowire

A promising new form of quantum bit, the spin-orbit qubit, has been realized in indium arsenide nanowire. It is electrically controllable and can function in both electronic and optical devices.

Retool your cell-based RT-qPCR studies for high productivity. Use the NEW RealTime ready Cell Lysis Kit with Roche's proven RealTime ready Assay Panels. Obtain gene profiling results from cultured cells in as few as 75 minutes with the LightCycler^® 480 System!

Podcast & Video

In this weeks podcast: On the last Nature Podcast of 2010 we encounter an ancient human-like species from Siberia, trace gene families back billions of years and find out who's been named Nature's newsmaker of the year. Plus Geoff and Geoff get competitive in our end of year quiz.

Specials - Outlook: Nutrigenomics

Progress in understanding and exploiting our complex relationship with food; from its impact on our evolution, towards an era of personalized nutrition.

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• News & Comment

Read daily news coverage▶

▲top


	Turbines and turbulence ▶
	Some legitimate questions have been raised over the green credentials of wind turbines. Politics must not block research where it is needed. Read Editorial ▶


	Assessment time ▶
	Italy's proposed university reform must be linked to performance. Read Editorial ▶


	Calm in a crisis ▶
	Jane Lubchenco, Nature's Newsmaker of the Year, shows how scientists can help society. Read Editorial ▶


	Save university arts from the bean counters ▶
	Scientists must reach across the divide and speak up for campus colleagues in arts and humanities departments, says Gregory Petsko. Read Column ▶


	Seven days: 17-23 December 2010 ▶
	The week in science Read Seven Days ▶


	Integrity policy unveiled at last ▶
	Mixed reviews greet White House guidelines for preventing political interference in US government science. Read News ▶


	UK science faces facilities freeze ▶
	Four-year budget protects grants but cuts capital spending. Read News ▶


	Love thy lab neighbour ▶
	Getting closer to your collaborators boosts a paper's citations. Read News ▶


	Fossil genome reveals ancestral link ▶
	A distant cousin raises questions about human origins. Read News ▶


	Deep lab denied funding ▶
	Divisions within US National Science Foundation throw plans for underground science facility into crisis. Read News ▶


	2010: The year in which... ▶
	A round-up of the top science news stories of the past 12 months. Read News ▶


	2010 Gallery: Images of the year ▶
	From volcanoes to graphene - and more. Read News ▶


	Newsmaker of the year: In the eye of the storm ▶
	She set out to revolutionize US ocean management — but first she faced the oil spill. Jane Lubchenco is Nature's Newsmaker of the Year. Read Feature ▶


	Keep it complex ▶
	When knowledge is uncertain, experts should avoid pressures to simplify their advice. Render decision-makers accountable for decisions, says Andy Stirling. Read Comment ▶


	Stand up for science ▶
	This year showed that good communication can make you a leader, and a better scientist, says Nancy Baron. Read Comment ▶


	Conservation: After the ice ▶
	Yvon Le Maho is moved by a powerful account of the demise of the Adélie penguin. Read Books and Arts ▶


	Books in brief ▶
	Read Books and Arts ▶


	In retrospect: Pauling's primer ▶
	Linus Pauling's book on bonding brought quantum mechanics into practical chemistry, finds Philip Ball. Read Books and Arts ▶


	Communication: Mapping science ▶
	Ben Shneiderman enjoys a tome full of tools for discovery. Read Books and Arts ▶


	History: Science fit for a king ▶
	Laura Spinney visits a Versailles exhibition of curiosities. Read Books and Arts ▶


	Q&A: Impossible thoughts ▶
	As Roger Penrose publishes his collected works — six volumes comprising more than 5,000 pages — the mathematical physicist muses on 50 years of groundbreaking research in general relativity, quantum mechanics, cosmology, geometry and consciousness. Read Books and Arts ▶


	No crisis in supply of peer reviewers ▶
	Tim Vines, Loren Rieseberg & Harry Smith Read Correspondence ▶


	Brazil's renewable energy success ▶
	Allan Kardec Duailibe Read Correspondence ▶


	Economic growth: a gross measure ▶
	David Fisk Read Correspondence ▶


	Misreporting: hippo stories off-target ▶
	P. J. N. de Bruyn Read Correspondence ▶


	Brian Marsden (1937–2010) ▶
	The walking encyclopedia of comets. Read Obituary ▶

Nature Outlook Nutrigenomics
The complex interplay between our diet and our genes has shaped human evolution. Nutrigenomics will help us exploit this relationship, blurring the boundaries between food and medicine, and heralding an era of personalized nutrition.
Access the Outlook free online for 6 months.
Produced with support from Nestlé Research Center

• Biological Sciences

▲top


	Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia ▶
	David Reich, Richard E. Green, Martin Kircher, Johannes Krause, Nick Patterson et al.
	Using DNA extracted from a finger bone found in Denisova Cave in southern Siberi... Read Research ▶


	A population-specific HTR2B stop codon predisposes to severe impulsivity ▶
	Laura Bevilacqua, Stéphane Doly, Jaakko Kaprio, Qiaoping Yuan, Roope Tikkanen et al.
	Impulsivity, describing action without foresight, is an important feature of sev... Read Research ▶


	Selective inhibition of BET bromodomains ▶
	Panagis Filippakopoulos, Jun Qi, Sarah Picaud, Yao Shen, William B. Smith et al.
	Epigenetic proteins are intently pursued targets in ligand discovery. So far, su... Read Research ▶


	Driving the cell cycle with a minimal CDK control network ▶
	Damien Coudreuse & Paul Nurse
	Control of eukaryotic cell proliferation involves an extended regulatory network... Read Research ▶


	Subtypes of medulloblastoma have distinct developmental origins ▶
	Paul Gibson, Yiai Tong, Giles Robinson, Margaret C. Thompson, D. Spencer Currle et al.
	Medulloblastoma encompasses a collection of clinically and molecularly diverse t... Read Research ▶


	mTORC1 controls fasting-induced ketogenesis and its modulation by ageing ▶
	Shomit Sengupta, Timothy R. Peterson, Mathieu Laplante, Stephanie Oh & David M. Sabatini
	The multi-component mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase is... Read Research ▶


	The histone variant macroH2A suppresses melanoma progression through regulation of CDK8 ▶
	Avnish Kapoor, Matthew S. Goldberg, Lara K. Cumberland, Kajan Ratnakumar, Miguel F. Segura et al.
	Cancer is a disease consisting of both genetic and epigenetic changes. Although ... Read Research ▶


	Planar polarized actomyosin contractile flows control epithelial junction remodelling ▶
	Matteo Rauzi, Pierre-François Lenne & Thomas Lecuit
	Force generation by Myosin-II motors on actin filaments drives cell and tissue m... Read Research ▶


	S-glutathionylation uncouples eNOS and regulates its cellular and vascular function ▶
	Chun-An Chen, Tse-Yao Wang, Saradhadevi Varadharaj, Levy A. Reyes, Craig Hemann et al.
	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is critical in the regulation of vascul... Read Research ▶


	Suppression of inflammation by a synthetic histone mimic ▶
	Edwige Nicodeme, Kate L. Jeffrey, Uwe Schaefer, Soren Beinke, Scott Dewell et al.
	Interaction of pathogens with cells of the immune system results in activation o... Read Research ▶


	Transcriptional activation of polycomb-repressed genes by ZRF1 ▶
	Holger Richly, Luciana Rocha-Viegas, Joana Domingues Ribeiro, Santiago Demajo, Gunes Gundem et al.
	Covalent modification of histones is fundamental in orchestrating chromatin dyna... Read Research ▶


	Neurotransmitter/sodium symporter orthologue LeuT has a single high-affinity substrate site ▶
	Chayne L. Piscitelli, Harini Krishnamurthy & Eric Gouaux
	Neurotransmitter/sodium symporters (NSSs) couple the uptake of neurotransmitter ... Read Research ▶


	Cortical representations of olfactory input by trans-synaptic tracing ▶
	Kazunari Miyamichi, Fernando Amat, Farshid Moussavi, Chen Wang, Ian Wickersham et al.
	In the mouse, each class of olfactory receptor neurons expressing a given odoran... Read Research ▶


	The developmental transcriptome of Drosophila melanogaster ▶
	Brenton R. Graveley, Angela N. Brooks, Joseph W. Carlson, Michael O. Duff, Jane M. Landolin et al.
	Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most well studied genetic model organisms... Read Research ▶


	Comprehensive analysis of the chromatin landscape in Drosophila melanogaster ▶
	Peter V. Kharchenko, Artyom A. Alekseyenko, Yuri B. Schwartz, Aki Minoda, Nicole C. Riddle et al.
	Chromatin is composed of DNA and a variety of modified histones and non-histone ... Read Research ▶


	Preplay of future place cell sequences by hippocampal cellular assemblies ▶
	George Dragoi & Susumu Tonegawa
	During spatial exploration, hippocampal neurons show a sequential firing pattern... Read Research ▶


	Oncogenically active MYD88 mutations in human lymphoma ▶
	Vu N. Ngo, Ryan M. Young, Roland Schmitz, Sameer Jhavar, Wenming Xiao et al.
	The activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)... Read Research ▶


	The assembly of a GTPase–kinase signalling complex by a bacterial catalytic scaffold ▶
	Andrey S. Selyunin, Sarah E. Sutton, Bethany A. Weigele, L. Evan Reddick, Robert C. Orchard et al.
	The fidelity and specificity of information flow within a cell is controlled by ... Read Research ▶


	Rapid evolutionary innovation during an Archaean genetic expansion ▶
	Lawrence A. David & Eric J. Alm
	The natural history of Precambrian life is still unknown because of the rarity o... Read Research ▶


	Spatially asymmetric reorganization of inhibition establishes a motion-sensitive circuit ▶
	Keisuke Yonehara, Kamill Balint, Masaharu Noda, Georg Nagel, Ernst Bamberg et al.
	Spatial asymmetries in neural connectivity have an important role in creating ba... Read Research ▶


	Human origins: Shadows of early migrations ▶
	Carlos D. Bustamante & Brenna M. Henn
	Analysis of ancient nuclear DNA, recovered from 40,000-year-old remains in the D... Read Research ▶


	Structural biology: Proteins in dynamic equilibrium ▶
	Pau Bernadó & Martin Blackledge
	Protein molecules in solution exist as an equilibrium of different conformations... Read Research ▶


	Behavioural neuroscience: A gene for impulsivity ▶
	John R. Kelsoe
	Impulsivity has been linked to various psychiatric disorders and forms of violen... Read Research ▶


	Drug discovery: Reader's block ▶
	Sean D. Taverna & PhiliP A. Cole
	Protein factors can regulate gene expression by binding to specifically modified... Read Research ▶


	Zoology: Snail shells spread light around ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Ecology: Hotter climate, altered breeding ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Materials science: Magnetic gel delivers drugs ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Anthropology: DNA from across the ocean ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Cancer: Tumours aided by immune cells ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Vision science: Man or woman? Depends on view ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Developmental biology: Immune system emerges in layers ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Palaeoanthropology: Neanderthal family tree ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Neuroscience: Better memory with less microRNA ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Conservation: After the ice ▶
	Yvon Le Maho is moved by a powerful account of the demise of the Adélie penguin. Read News and Comment ▶


	Books in brief ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	No crisis in supply of peer reviewers ▶
	Tim Vines, Loren Rieseberg & Harry Smith Read News and Comment ▶


	Brazil's renewable energy success ▶
	Allan Kardec Duailibe Read News and Comment ▶


	Misreporting: hippo stories off-target ▶
	P. J. N. de Bruyn Read News and Comment ▶


	More News & Comment on Biological Sciences ▶

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• Chemical Sciences

▲top


	Selective inhibition of BET bromodomains ▶
	Panagis Filippakopoulos, Jun Qi, Sarah Picaud, Yao Shen, William B. Smith et al.
	Epigenetic proteins are intently pursued targets in ligand discovery. So far, su... Read Research ▶


	S-glutathionylation uncouples eNOS and regulates its cellular and vascular function ▶
	Chun-An Chen, Tse-Yao Wang, Saradhadevi Varadharaj, Levy A. Reyes, Craig Hemann et al.
	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is critical in the regulation of vascul... Read Research ▶


	Transcriptional activation of polycomb-repressed genes by ZRF1 ▶
	Holger Richly, Luciana Rocha-Viegas, Joana Domingues Ribeiro, Santiago Demajo, Gunes Gundem et al.
	Covalent modification of histones is fundamental in orchestrating chromatin dyna... Read Research ▶


	Neurotransmitter/sodium symporter orthologue LeuT has a single high-affinity substrate site ▶
	Chayne L. Piscitelli, Harini Krishnamurthy & Eric Gouaux
	Neurotransmitter/sodium symporters (NSSs) couple the uptake of neurotransmitter ... Read Research ▶


	Structural biology: Proteins in dynamic equilibrium ▶
	Pau Bernadó & Martin Blackledge
	Protein molecules in solution exist as an equilibrium of different conformations... Read Research ▶


	Drug discovery: Reader's block ▶
	Sean D. Taverna & PhiliP A. Cole
	Protein factors can regulate gene expression by binding to specifically modified... Read Research ▶


	In retrospect: Pauling's primer ▶
	Linus Pauling's book on bonding brought quantum mechanics into practical chemistry, finds Philip Ball. Read News and Comment ▶


	More News & Comment on Chemical Sciences ▶

• Physical Sciences

▲top


	Images of a fourth planet orbiting HR 8799 ▶
	Christian Marois, B. Zuckerman, Quinn M. Konopacky, Bruce Macintosh & Travis Barman
	High-contrast near-infrared imaging of the nearby star HR 8799 has shown three g... Read Research ▶


	Spin–orbit qubit in a semiconductor nanowire ▶
	S. Nadj-Perge, S. M. Frolov, E. P. A. M. Bakkers & L. P. Kouwenhoven
	Motion of electrons can influence their spins through a fundamental effect calle... Read Research ▶


	Atom-by-atom spectroscopy at graphene edge ▶
	Kazu Suenaga & Masanori Koshino
	The properties of many nanoscale devices are sensitive to local atomic configura... Read Research ▶


	Mantle superplasticity and its self-made demise ▶
	Takehiko Hiraga, Tomonori Miyazaki, Miki Tasaka & Hidehiro Yoshida
	The unusual capability of solid crystalline materials to deform plastically, kno... Read Research ▶


	Evidence for a spin-aligned neutron–proton paired phase from the level structure of 92Pd ▶
	B. Cederwall, F. Ghazi Moradi, T. Bäck, A. Johnson, J. Blomqvist et al.
	Shell structure and magic numbers in atomic nuclei were generally explained by p... Read Research ▶


	Quantum technology: Electrons spin in the field ▶
	David J. Reilly
	Nanowires are candidates for enabling the exchange of quantum information betwee... Read Research ▶


	Extrasolar planets: A giant surprise ▶
	Laird Close
	The discovery of an inner giant planet in the unusually massive solar system aro... Read Research ▶


	Materials science: Magnetic gel delivers drugs ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Conservation: After the ice ▶
	Yvon Le Maho is moved by a powerful account of the demise of the Adélie penguin. Read News and Comment ▶


	Books in brief ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Q&A: Impossible thoughts ▶
	As Roger Penrose publishes his collected works — six volumes comprising more than 5,000 pages — the mathematical physicist muses on 50 years of groundbreaking research in general relativity, quantum mechanics, cosmology, geometry and consciousness. Read News and Comment ▶


	Brian Marsden (1937–2010) ▶
	The walking encyclopedia of comets. Read News and Comment ▶


	More News & Comment on Physical Sciences ▶

• Earth & Environmental Sciences

▲top


	Mantle superplasticity and its self-made demise ▶
	Takehiko Hiraga, Tomonori Miyazaki, Miki Tasaka & Hidehiro Yoshida
	The unusual capability of solid crystalline materials to deform plastically, kno... Read Research ▶


	Extrasolar planets: A giant surprise ▶
	Laird Close
	The discovery of an inner giant planet in the unusually massive solar system aro... Read Research ▶


	Glaciology: Imaging grooves from glaciers ▶
	Read News and Comment ▶


	Turbines and turbulence ▶
	Some legitimate questions have been raised over the green credentials of wind turbines. Politics must not block research where it is needed. Read News and Comment ▶


	Calm in a crisis ▶
	Jane Lubchenco, Nature's Newsmaker of the Year, shows how scientists can help society. Read News and Comment ▶


	Conservation: After the ice ▶
	Yvon Le Maho is moved by a powerful account of the demise of the Adélie penguin. Read News and Comment ▶


	Brazil's renewable energy success ▶
	Allan Kardec Duailibe Read News and Comment ▶


	Brian Marsden (1937–2010) ▶
	The walking encyclopedia of comets. Read News and Comment ▶


	More News & Comment on Earth & Environmental Sciences ▶

• Specials - Outlook: NutrigenomicsFree Access

▲top


	Nutrigenomics ▶
	Read Outlook ▶


	Interdisciplinary research: Big science at the table ▶
	Researchers are adopting the tools of bioinformatics and pharmaceuticals to study and interpret the ever-growing body of data on the interplay between diet and genes. Read Outlook ▶


	Development: Mother's milk: A rich opportunity ▶
	Research on the contents of milk and how breast-feeding benefits a growing child is surprising scientists. Read Outlook ▶


	Evolution: The first supper ▶
	Diet-directed evolution shaped our brains, but whether it was meat or tubers, or their preparation, that spurred our divergence from other primates remains a matter of hot debate. Read Outlook ▶


	Health: Edible advice ▶
	Diet-related illnesses are some of the biggest killers today. Can we tailor our food intake to prevent these diseases? Large international projects are underway to find out. Read Outlook ▶


	Diversity: Of beans and genes ▶
	Several human genes involved in digestion have diverged along cultural lines. Research suggests these adaptations influence the range of foods tolerated and even certain diseases. Read Outlook ▶


	History: The changing notion of food ▶
	The pioneers of nutrition research determined the energy content of food and also helped to overturn misconceptions about various diseases that plagued humankind. Read Outlook ▶


	Taste: More than meets the mouth ▶
	Certain things taste differently to different people. Why is this, and does this affect our choice of food? Read Outlook ▶


	Epigenetics: Tales of adversity ▶
	Genetic studies of people conceived during famine reveals that prenatal malnutrition lingers long after the event. Read Outlook ▶


	Technology: A flavour of the future ▶
	Health biomarkers, smart technology and social networks are hastening an era of nutrition tailored to your individual needs but relying on information generated by the crowd. Read Outlook ▶