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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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November 2010 Volume 6, Issue 11 |
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Editorial
Correspondence
Commentaries
Thesis
Books and Arts
Research Highlights
News and Views
Letters
Articles
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Nature Physics Insight: Physics and the Cell This collection of reviews and viewpoints presents a cross-section of the ways in which physicists are now contributing to problems in cell biology: from understanding the role of the mechanical properties of tumours in the spread of cancer to how collective phenomena can describe the activity of neurons in the brain.
This content is FREE online up until April 2011.
Produced with support from: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE PHYSICAL SCIENCES in ONCOLOGY | |
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Editorial |
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Development opportunity p825 doi:10.1038/nphys1854 Achievement of the United Nations' Millenium Development Goals is by no means guaranteed, but there is heartening progress in the promotion of science for development. Full Text | PDF
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Correspondence |
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Experimental bound entanglement? p827 J. Lavoie, R. Kaltenbaek, M. Piani and K. J. Resch doi:10.1038/nphys1832 Full Text | PDF
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Reply to 'Experimental bound entanglement?' p827 Elias Amselem and Mohamed Bourennane doi:10.1038/nphys1833 Full Text | PDF
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Commentaries |
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Physics for a changing world pp828 - 829 Gordon Fraser doi:10.1038/nphys1830 Fifty years ago, Abdus Salam envisaged a 'world centre' for theorists. Now the institute that he founded is adapting to a changing world and to changing ways of doing science. Full Text | PDF
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Material progress in Africa pp830 - 832 Nithaya Chetty, Richard M. Martin and Sandro Scandolo doi:10.1038/nphys1842 A school on computational materials science that drew expert teachers and talented participants marks a new approach to the development of research in Africa. Full Text | PDF
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Thesis |
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Think of a number p833 Mark Buchanan doi:10.1038/nphys1839 Full Text | PDF
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Books and Arts |
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Space in good shape pp834 - 835 Eva Silverstein reviews The Shape of Inner Space: String Theory and the Geometry of the Universe's Hidden Dimensions by Shing-Tung Yau and Steve Nadis doi:10.1038/nphys1843 Full Text | PDF
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Research Highlights |
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Our choice from the recent literature p836 doi:10.1038/nphys1850 Full Text | PDF
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Nobel Prize 2010: Andre Geim & Konstantin Novoselov p836 Ed Gerstner doi:10.1038/nphys1836 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 has been awarded to Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene". Full Text | PDF
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News and Views |
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Letters |
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Experimental EPR-steering using Bell-local states pp845 - 849 D. J. Saunders, S. J. Jones, H. M. Wiseman and G. J. Pryde doi:10.1038/nphys1766 Erwin Schrödinger introduced in 1935 the concept of 'steering', which generalizes the famed Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox. Steering sits in between quantum entanglement and non-locality — that is, entanglement is necessary for steering, but steering can be achieved, as has now been demonstrated experimentally, with states that cannot violate a Bell inequality (and therefore non-locality). First paragraph | Full Text | PDF See also: News and Views by Brunner
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Optical one-way quantum computing with a simulated valence-bond solid pp850 - 854 Rainer Kaltenbaek, Jonathan Lavoie, Bei Zeng, Stephen D. Bartlett and Kevin J. Resch doi:10.1038/nphys1777 One-way quantum computing requires an entangled multiqubit system. So-called cluster states have been proposed to provide this resource, but they are difficult to generate. An alternative that uses the ground state of a one-dimensional chain of spins is now experimentally realized and used to construct a quantum logic gate. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF See also: News and Views by Raussendorf
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Observation of topological order in a superconducting doped topological insulator pp855 - 859 L. Andrew Wray, Su-Yang Xu, Yuqi Xia, Yew San Hor, Dong Qian, Alexei V. Fedorov, Hsin Lin, Arun Bansil, Robert J. Cava and M. Zahid Hasan doi:10.1038/nphys1762 When doped with copper, the topological insulator Bi2Se3 becomes superconducting. But for new physics and applications the search is not for just any superconductor; the material must retain its topological character. And indeed that is the case with doped Bi2Se3. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
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Spontaneous formation and optical manipulation of extended polariton condensates pp860 - 864 E. Wertz, L. Ferrier, D. D. Solnyshkov, R. Johne, D. Sanvitto, A. Lemaître, I. Sagnes, R. Grousson, A. V. Kavokin, P. Senellart, G. Malpuech and J. Bloch doi:10.1038/nphys1750 Long-lived polariton condensates can propagate well beyond the area of their initial excitation while still maintaining spatial coherence. This enables direct and controllable manipulation of the condensate wavefunction. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
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Pinwheel valence-bond solid and triplet excitations in the two-dimensional deformed kagome lattice pp865 - 869 K. Matan, T. Ono, Y. Fukumoto, T. J. Sato, J. Yamaura, M. Yano, K. Morita and H. Tanaka doi:10.1038/nphys1761 Single crystals of a two-dimensional quantum spin system with geometric frustration lead to the observation of a 'pinwheel' valence-bond ground state. In this case, the distortion of the ideal kagome lattice structure helps to stabilize the quantum spin state. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF See also: News and Views by Rüegg
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Visualization of charge transport through Landau levels in graphene pp870 - 874 G. Nazin, Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, E. Sutter and P. Sutter doi:10.1038/nphys1745 Monitoring the photocurrent generated as a laser scans across a graphene field-effect device subjected to low temperature and high magnetic fields enables the spatial distribution of Landau levels across a graphene sheet to be mapped. This in turn allows the relative contribution of bulk and edge states to the macroscopic electrical characteristics of these devices to be determined. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
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Observation of second-harmonic generation induced by pure spin currents pp875 - 878 Lalani K. Werake and Hui Zhao doi:10.1038/nphys1742 A pure spin current has no net charge current and is therefore difficult to detect. A new technique that takes advantage of nonlinear optical effects can measure pure spin currents non-invasively, non-destructively and in real-time. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
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Thermally driven spin injection from a ferromagnet into a non-magnetic metal pp879 - 882 A. Slachter, F. L. Bakker, J-P. Adam and B. J. van Wees doi:10.1038/nphys1767 The experimental demonstration of heat currents driving the injection of spins from a ferromagnetic into a non-magnetic metal establishes a new source of pure spin currents. The approach might provide an alternative mechanism for switching processes in memory devices and for other 'spintronics' applications. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
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Zernike phase contrast in scanning microscopy with X-rays pp883 - 887 Christian Holzner, Michael Feser, Stefan Vogt, Benjamin Hornberger, Stephen B. Baines and Chris Jacobsen doi:10.1038/nphys1765 Introducing a phase shift between diffracted and undiffracted light from a sample is one of the oldest techniques for generating phase contrast in optical microscopy. A similar approach should help improve the contrast and clarity of images collected by scanning X-ray microscopy. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
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Identification of influential spreaders in complex networks pp888 - 893 Maksim Kitsak, Lazaros K. Gallos, Shlomo Havlin, Fredrik Liljeros, Lev Muchnik, H. Eugene Stanley and Hernán A. Makse doi:10.1038/nphys1746 Spreading of information, ideas or diseases can be conveniently modelled in the context of complex networks. An analysis now reveals that the most efficient spreaders are not always necessarily the most connected agents in a network. Instead, the position of an agent relative to the hierarchical topological organization of the network might be as important as its connectivity. First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
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Articles |
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A quantum memory with telecom-wavelength conversion pp894 - 899 A. G. Radnaev, Y. O. Dudin, R. Zhao, H. H. Jen, S. D. Jenkins, A. Kuzmich and T. A. B. Kennedy doi:10.1038/nphys1773 Atomic transitions afford a convenient way of storing quantum bits. However, there are few ground-state transitions suitable for use with light at telecommunication wavelengths. Now, researchers show that ensembles of cold rubidium atoms not only make good quantum memories, but can also noiselessly convert the emitted photons into and out of the telecoms band. Abstract | Full Text | PDF See also: News and Views by Saffman
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A finite-temperature phase transition for disordered weakly interacting bosons in one dimension pp900 - 904 I. L. Aleiner, B. L. Altshuler and G. V. Shlyapnikov doi:10.1038/nphys1758 In one-dimensional systems, phase transitions at finite temperature are deemed impossible, because long-range correlations are destroyed by thermal fluctuations. Theoretical work now shows that, nonetheless, a phase transition at finite temperature can occur in a one-dimensional gas of weakly interacting bosons in a random environment Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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Loss of nodal quasiparticle integrity in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x pp905 - 911 D. Fournier, G. Levy, Y. Pennec, J. L. McChesney, A. Bostwick, E. Rotenberg, R. Liang, W. N. Hardy, D. A. Bonn, I. S. Elfimov and A. Damascelli doi:10.1038/nphys1763 Quantitative measurements that establish the existence and evolution of quasiparticles across the whole phase diagram of a cuprate superconductor help to distinguish the many theoretical models for high-temperature superconductivity. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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Far-field optical imaging and manipulation of individual spins with nanoscale resolution pp912 - 918 P. C. Maurer, J. R. Maze, P. L. Stanwix, L. Jiang, A. V. Gorshkov, A. A. Zibrov, B. Harke, J. S. Hodges, A. S. Zibrov, A. Yacoby, D. Twitchen, S. W. Hell, R. L. Walsworth and M. D. Lukin doi:10.1038/nphys1774 Diffraction conventionally limits the length scale on which spins can be optically probed. A new technique that uses doughnut-shaped beams of light to select just one nitrogen-vacancy centre, by suppressing the fluorescence from those around it, enables single-spin detection, imaging and manipulation with nanoscale resolution. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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Trionic optical potential for electrons in semiconductors pp919 - 923 Martin J. A. Schuetz, Michael G. Moore and Carlo Piermarocchi doi:10.1038/nphys1775 The energy potentials created by laser light can trap atoms. An analogous effect that traps electrons in solid-state systems is now proposed. The electron traps are created in quantum wells and wires in the presence of quasiparticles composed of two electrons and a hole. The idea could lead to advances in ultrafast optical and new optoelectronic devices. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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Nature Physics celebrates its fifth anniversary Nature Physics publishes significant papers in both the new ‘hot’ areas and in more developed areas of physics. To mark our fifth anniversary, we’ve put together a selection of the articles − comment, review and research papers − that we’ve published over the last five years, reflecting ‘hot topics’ in particular and including some editorial favourites. Click here to have a look. | | |
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