From Genomes to Regulatory Networks
New analyses described in two Research Articles, plus a related Perspective and Editorial, provide insights into the organization, structure, and function of the worm and fruit fly genomes (FREE access)
Science Podcast
In this week's show: The top scientific breakthrough of 2010 and some of the big ideas of the past decade. Listen now.
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In this week's issue:
Editorial
Model Organisms and Human Health
Bruce Alberts
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1724
Research Summaries
This Week in Science
Editor summaries of this week's papers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol330/issue6012/twis.dtl
Editors' Choice
Highlights of the recent literature
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol330/issue6012/twil.dtl
News of the Week
Polio Outbreak Breaks the Rules
Polio is a horrendous disease, but it is seldom fatal—except now. An explosive outbreak in the Republic of Congo is writing another chapter in the book on how this ancient scourge behaves.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1730
Court to Weigh University's Decision Not to Hire Astronomer
Early next year, a federal court will take up the case of Martin Gaskell, an astrophysicist who claims that the University of Kentucky denied him a job because he is an evangelical Christian.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1731
French Nobelist Escapes 'Intellectual Terror' to Pursue Radical Ideas in China
Virologist and Nobel laureate Luc Montagnier announced earlier this month that, at age 78, he will take on the leadership of a new research institute at Jiaotong University in Shanghai. Science talked to Montagnier last week.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1732
From Science's Online Daily News Site
ScienceNOW reported this week on the remnants of a supernova explosion riding a shock wave, the cause of most "icequakes," a fearless woman who lacks a key part of her brain, and a dog's growl announces its size, among other stories.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1733
Discoverer Asks for Time, Patience Over Arsenic Bacteria Controversy
Three weeks ago, NASA astrobiology fellow Felisa Wolfe-Simon published a paper in Science about bacteria that can use arsenic instead of phosphorus in DNA and other biomolecules. Then came a torrent of criticism that she and her co-authors declined to respond to. Last week, Wolfe-Simon agreed to share some of her thoughts in an interview with Science's news department.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1734
From the Science Policy Blog
ScienceInsider reported this week that the U.S. government should keep a close eye on the new field of synthetic biology, says a report by the president's bioethics commission, which doesn't think new regulations are needed, among other stories.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1735
Random Samples
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol330/issue6012/r-samples.dtl
News Focus
What's Next for Disease Eradication?
Despite major setbacks, the idea of wiping entire diseases from the face of the planet hasn't lost its appeal. But the rules of the game have changed.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1736
Scientists' New Eradication Target: A Word in Their Lexicon
A 1997 forum established that a disease had been "eliminated" if it was gone from an area, while "eradication" was reserved for pathogens completely gone from the planet. Now a group of scientists has proposed eliminating the word elimination.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1738
Altering the Past: China's Faked Fossils Problem
A booming fossil market has resulted in a flood of "improved," reconfigured, and composite specimens; many are finding their way into China's museums.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1740
CIRM: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
Having bolstered basic research, California's stem cell agency must choose a new leader and figure out how to develop therapies
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1742
Letters
Genetic Future for Florida Panthers
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6012/1744-a
Genetic Future for Florida Panthers—Response
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6012/1744-b
Biodiversity Transcends Services
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6012/1744-c
Biodiversity Transcends Services—Response
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6012/1745
Corrections and Clarifications
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6012/1746
Books et al.
At the Sesquicentennial of Origin
David P. Mindell
Collectively, these essays survey the current state and future prospects of the major areas within evolutionary biology.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1747
A Natural History of the Brain
A. Rabinowitz and C. E. Schoonover
Through displays that promote an intuitive understanding of the brain, this exhibition offers a compelling survey of current brain science.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1748-a
Books Received
A listing of books received at Science during the week ended 17 December 2010.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1748-b
Policy Forum
The Challenge of Feeding Scientific Advice into Policy-Making
Roland Schenkel
Three case studies illustrate general principles to guide scientists and policy-makers in interactions with each other and the public.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1749
Boosting CITES
J. Phelps et al.
To protect biodiversity, more, improved biological and trade data and analyses are needed.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1752
Perspectives
Ubiquitination Inhibits Neuronal Exit
C. Métin and C. Luccardini
Newborn neurons shut down a protein destruction mechanism to migrate to their final destination.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1754
Generating an Atmosphere
Dale P. Cruikshank
The oxygen and carbon dioxide atmosphere on Saturn's moon Rhea is produced by a photochemical reaction mechanism.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1755
Computational Physics in Film
R. Bridson and C. Batty
Numerical modeling of how objects and fluids move, collide, and break up underlies spellbinding video animations.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1756
Revealing the Dark Matter of the Genome
Mark Blaxter
Integrated data sets from two animal model organisms provide insights into the organization, structure, and function of their genomes.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1758
Stretching Dielectric Elastomer Performance
F. Carpi et al.
Devices using materials that deform in response to electricity are based on a phenomenon that was observed more than two centuries ago.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1759
Germ Cell Genes and Cancer
X. Wu and G. Ruvkun
In fruit flies, genes that help to program germ cells also play a role in a brain cancer.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1761
Allan Sandage (1926–2010)
Donald Lynden-Bell
An astronomer launched the field of observational cosmology and influenced our view of the universe over the past half-century.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1763
Review Articles
Has the Microbiota Played a Critical Role in the Evolution of the Adaptive Immune System?
Y. K. Lee and S. K. Mazmanian
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1768
Brevia
Decreased Clearance of CNS β-Amyloid in Alzheimer’s Disease
K. G. Mawuenyega et al.
Alzheimer’s disease is associated with reduced β-amyloid clearance from the brain
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1774
Research Articles
Integrative Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Genome by the modENCODE Project
M. B. Gerstein et al.
Extensive analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome reveals regions highly occupied by multiple transcription factors.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1775
Identification of Functional Elements and Regulatory Circuits by Drosophila modENCODE
The modENCODE Consortium et al.
The Drosophila modENCODE project demonstrates the functional regulatory network of flies.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1787
Reports
High-Flux Solar-Driven Thermochemical Dissociation of CO2 and H2O Using Nonstoichiometric Ceria
W. C. Chueh et al.
Solar heating of ceric oxide enables a cycle for conversion of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide or water to hydrogen.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1797
Spin Hall Effect Transistor
J. Wunderlich et al.
Manipulation of the spin degree of freedom of electrons is used to build a spin transistor without magnetic materials.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1801
Brownian Motion of Stiff Filaments in a Crowded Environment
N. Fakhri et al.
The thermal motion of single-walled carbon nanotubes is used to track the dynamic motion of stiff macromolecules.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1804
Tunable Field Control Over the Binding Energy of Single Dopants by a Charged Vacancy in GaAs
D. H. Lee and J. A. Gupta
The electrostatic field of manganese atoms in gallium arsenide depends on its distance from a nearby arsenic vacancy site.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1807
Dynamics of Magnetic Domain Walls Under Their Own Inertia
L. Thomas et al.
The current-induced motion of magnetic domain walls is controlled by the length of the current pulse.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1810
Cassini Finds an Oxygen–Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere at Saturn’s Icy Moon Rhea
B. D. Teolis et al.
Rhea’s atmosphere is maintained by chemical decomposition of surface water ice under irradiation from Saturn’s magnetosphere.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1813
Structures of C3b in Complex with Factors B and D Give Insight into Complement Convertase Formation
F. Forneris et al.
A double-safety–catch mechanism controls amplification of the complement cascade during immune responses.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1816
Hsp90 and Environmental Stress Transform the Adaptive Value of Natural Genetic Variation
D. F. Jarosz and S. Lindquist
A molecular chaperone both buffers and potentiates the adaptive nature of genetic variation in yeast.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1820
Ectopic Expression of Germline Genes Drives Malignant Brain Tumor Growth in Drosophila
A. Janic et al.
Inactivation of germline genes suppresses brain tumor growth in Drosophila.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1824
A Pollen Factor Linking Inter- and Intraspecific Pollen Rejection in Tomato
W. Li and R. T. Chetelat
The inability to cross with distant relatives in the nightshade family is linked to mechanisms preventing self pollination.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1827
The Social Sense: Susceptibility to Others’ Beliefs in Human Infants and Adults
A. M. Kovács et al.
Knowledge of what others believe is present in 7-month-old infants.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1830
Siah Regulation of Pard3A Controls Neuronal Cell Adhesion During Germinal Zone Exit
J. K. Famulski et al.
A ubiquitination cascade regulates formation of cell adhesions that immature neurons require in the developing mouse brain.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6012/1834
Departments
New Products
A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1839-a
Science Podcast
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1839-b
AAAS News and Notes
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6012/1766
