Science Podcast
In this week's show: Targeted cancer therapy, progress with cancer genomes, mechanisms of metastasis, immunity's role in cancer, and more. Listen now.
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In this week's issue:
Editorial
When Science and the Media Mix
Christopher Reddy
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/13
Research Summaries
This Week in Science
Editor summaries of this week's papers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol332/issue6025/twis.dtl
Editors' Choice
Highlights of the recent literature
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol332/issue6025/twil.dtl
News of the Week
This Week's Section
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/18-a
Around the World
In science news around the world this week, the U.K. is boosting its science budget slightly, tiger numbers may be up in India, oceanographers are scouring the sea floor off Brazil's northeast coast for the flight recorders from a doomed 2009 flight, a venerated volcano has inspired a rare attempt at scientific partnership on the divided Korean peninsula, the faculty senate of the University of Johannesburg voted to terminate a collaborative research agreement with the Ben Gurion University of the Negev in Israel, some of Europe's top scientists will be getting financial help to take their discoveries to the marketplace, and a trove of vintage primate data will be digitized at Duke University.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/18-b
Random Sample
Cornell University's Lab of Ornithology has launched a popularity tournament featuring North American birds. And archaeologists and volunteers are conducting an experiment to see whether the people who occupied hill forts along the Welsh-English border some 2500 years ago could have seen each other and maybe even sent signals with fire.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/18-c
Newsmakers
This week's Newsmakers are Cornell ecologist and evolutionary biologist Thomas Eisner, who died last week at age 81 of complications from Parkinson's disease; topologist and dynamical systems theorist John Milnor, who has won the 2011 Abel Prize in mathematics; entomologist May Berenbaum, who will receive the 2011 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement; and physical chemist Bai Chunli, who was appointed president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences last month.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/20
Findings
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol332/issue6025/findings.dtl
News & Analysis
Scientific Consensus on Great Quake Came Too Late
An obscure paper about an earthquake in 869 C.E. that destroyed a castle town in northeastern Japan and a subsequent tsunami that inundated the surrounding area is now at the center of a growing debate about how quickly scientific findings can and should influence disaster-mitigation policies.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/22
In Indus Times, the River Didn't Run Through It
At a meeting last week, three independent teams offered preliminary evidence that the Ghaggar-Hakra River system was at most a modest seasonal stream during and after the Indus flourished from 2500 B.C.E. to 1900 B.C.E., which may prompt a re-evaluation of how Indus peoples acquired water for agriculture.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/23
Pool at Stricken Reactor #4 Holds Answers to Key Safety Questions
Of all the terrible news from the crippled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, reports about the spent fuel storage pool for reactor #4 may be among the most disconcerting for scientists.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/24
Artificial Leaf Turns Sunlight Into a Cheap Energy Source
For the first time, researchers have created a potentially cheap, practical artificial leaf that uses sunlight to knit chemical bonds.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/25
Army Missed Warning Signs About Alleged Anthrax Mailer
A new report detailing the mental health problems of U.S. Army researcher Bruce Ivins, the alleged perpetrator of the 2001 anthrax attacks, blames the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases for not scrutinizing Ivins's background adequately before hiring him and providing him with the security clearances that allowed him to work with anthrax.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/27
News Focus
The Rise of Animal Law
Will growing interest in how the legal system deals with animals ultimately lead to changes for researchers?
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/28
A Road Map for Animal Rights
Lawyer and legal scholar Steven Wise is preparing to file lawsuits on behalf of intelligent animals such as chimpanzees and dolphins in an attempt to convince courts that at least some nonhuman animals meet the requirements of legal personhood and should be accorded certain basic rights.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/30
Girth and the Gut (Bacteria)
Mouse and human studies are beginning to clarify the role gut bacteria play in obesity.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/32
Letters
Protecting Invaders for Profit
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/332/6025/35-a
Culturomics: Statistical Traps Muddy the Data
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/332/6025/35-b
Culturomics: Periodicals Gauge Culture's Pulse
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/332/6025/35-c
Culturomics—Response
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/332/6025/36-a
Corrections and Clarifications
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/332/6025/36-b
Longer Trips Possible for Human Missions
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/332/6025/37
Books et al.
The Inquisitive West
Saleem H. Ali
Offering a cultural perspective on Western dominance in the sciences, Huff emphasizes the importance of inquisitive impulses.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/39
The Immoralist
Michael Shermer
Ptolemy's film spotlights Ray Kurzweil and his radically optimistic views of how technology will soon transform humanity's future.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/40-a
Books Received
A listing of books received at Science during the week ended 25 March 2011.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/40-b
Policy Forum
Economic Importance of Bats in Agriculture
J. G. Boyles et al.
Insectivorous bat populations, adversely impacted by white-nose syndrome and wind turbines, may be worth billions of dollars to North American agriculture.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/41
Perspectives
Danger, Microbes, and Homeostasis
B. P. Lazzaro and J. Rolff
Hosts may modulate their immune response by measuring a combination of signals from pathogens and damaged tissue.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/43
Phosphatase Inhibition Delays Translational Recovery
R. L. Wiseman and J. W. Kelly
A small molecule, guanabenz, increases survival of cells under stress.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/44
An Innate Role for IL-17
M. Dominguez-Villar and D. A. Hafler
Human genetic mutations point to a cytokine as critical for fighting a fungal infection.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/47
Impurities Enhance Semiconductor Nanocrystal Performance
Y. Charles Cao
The electronic properties of free-standing semiconductor nanocrystals can be tuned by diffusing metallic impurities into them.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/48
George Bugliarello (1927–2011)
I. Juran and J. Falcocchio
The creative vision of a civil engineer to turn universities into driving forces of innovation spawned new design concepts for inner-city renewal, industrial parks, and sustainable cities.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/50
Review Articles
Beyond Predictions: Biodiversity Conservation in a Changing Climate
T. P. Dawson et al.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/53
Research Articles
The World’s Technological Capacity to Store, Communicate, and Compute Information
M. Hilbert and P. López
An inventory of the world’s technological capacity from 1986 to 2007 reveals the evolution from analog to digital technologies.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/60
Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis in Humans with Inborn Errors of Interleukin-17 Immunity
A. Puel et al.
Chronic yeast infections in the absence of other infections result from genetic deficiencies in proinflammatory host responses.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/65
Reports
PAMELA Measurements of Cosmic-Ray Proton and Helium Spectra
O. Adriani et al.
Satellite measurements challenge the current understanding of cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation in our Galaxy.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/69
Spontaneous Ferroelectric Order in a Bent-Core Smectic Liquid Crystal of Fluid Orthorhombic Layers
R. A. Reddy et al.
The ferroelectric properties of bent-core liquid crystalline molecules emerge from ordering within the smectic layers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/72
Heavily Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystal Quantum Dots
D. Mocatta et al.
Impurities can be added into semiconductor nanoparticles to control their electronic and optical properties.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/77
Electrochemically Mediated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
A. J. D. Magenau et al.
The structure of a polymer can be fine-tuned by rapidly starting and stopping its synthesis.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/81
Thermochronometry Reveals Headward Propagation of Erosion in an Alpine Landscape
D. L. Shuster et al.
Glacial troughs in New Zealand mountains developed by propagation of erosion up valleys.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/84
Microtomography of Partially Molten Rocks: Three-Dimensional Melt Distribution in Mantle Peridotite
W. Zhu et al.
As mantle rocks melt, an interconnected network of liquid drives the ascent of magma to the sea floor.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/88
Selective Inhibition of a Regulatory Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 1 Restores Proteostasis
P. Tsaytler et al.
Guanabenz, a small-molecule inhibitor, protects cells from lethal accrual of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/91
Directional Switching of the Kinesin Cin8 Through Motor Coupling
J. Roostalu et al.
A molecular motor switches direction upon interacting with individual microtubules or antiparallel microtubules.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/94
The C-Terminal Domain of RNA Polymerase II Is Modified by Site-Specific Methylation
R. J. Sims, III et al.
The expression of small nuclear RNAs and small nucleolar RNAs is regulated by modification at a single arginine residue.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/99
Perception of UV-B by the Arabidopsis UVR8 Protein
L. Rizzini et al.
A plant ultraviolet-B photoreceptor uses a tryptophan-based chromophore.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/103
Bacteria-Phage Antagonistic Coevolution in Soil
P. Gómez and A. Buckling
Microcosm experiments show endless cycles of host and parasite adaptation in near natural populations.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/106
Differences in Thermal Tolerance Among Sockeye Salmon Populations
E. J. Eliason et al.
Environmental conditions encountered during migration shape cardiorespiratory physiology in sockeye salmon.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/332/6025/109
Departments
New Products
A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/116-a
Science Podcast
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/116-b
From the AAAS Office of Publishing and Member Services
LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES: Lab Devices Get Smaller, More Intuitive, Less Expensive
Anne Harding
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/332/6025/113
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