Science Podcast
In this week's show: Science in Russia, animal genome plasticity, linking uncertainty with nonlocality in quantum mechanics, and more Listen now.
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In this week's issue:
Editorial
A New Focus on Plant Sciences
S. J. McCormick and R. Tjian
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1021
Research Summaries
This Week in Science
Editor summaries of this week's papers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol330/issue6007/twis.dtl
Editors' Choice
Highlights of the recent literature
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol330/issue6007/twil.dtl
News of the Week
Massive Cost Overrun to Webb Threatens Other NASA Missions
An independent panel reported last week that overruns on the James Webb Space Telescope could reach $1.7 billion, bringing its total cost to as much as $6.8 billion.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1028
Key Indicator of Ocean Health May Be Flawed
The most widely used metric of how marine ecosystems are faring worldwide can't be trusted, according to a controversial new analysis of fisheries data.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1029
GM Mosquito Trial Alarms Opponents, Strains Ties in Gates-Funded Project
At a press conference in London on 11 November, British company Oxitec announced that it carried out the world's first small trial with transgenic Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Grand Cayman in the fall of 2009, followed by a larger study there last summer.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1030
From Science's Online Daily News Site
ScienceNOW reported this week that stock market fluctuations may be predicted based on Internet searches, physicists have created black hole "light" in the lab, and whales get sunburns too, among other stories.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1031
Handful of U.S. Schools Claim Larger Share of Output
A new analysis of the U.S. research base by Thomson Reuters points to an increasing concentration of academic research. The report examines both the share of scientific papers written by researchers at a particular institution and the impact of those papers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1032
New Spin on Solid Helium Bolsters Case for Bizarre Flow
A team from South Korea and Japan reports online in Science this week on a new experiment that strongly supports the presence of a strange resistance-free flow in supersolid helium by literally putting a new spin on the original experiment.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1033-a
From the Science Policy Blog
ScienceInsider reported this week that a panel has criticized a risk assessment by the U.S. government of a planned lab in Kansas to study the world's most dangerous animal pathogens, among other stories.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1033-b
A World of Changes Prepares Subra Suresh to Tackle Change at NSF
Last week, in his first public interview since taking office, the new director of the U.S. National Science Foundation, Subra Suresh, discussed his plans for the agency in the current politically charged climate.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1034
Random Samples
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol330/issue6007/r-samples.dtl
News Focus
Russian Science: Waking From Hibernation
Russian science has moved beyond survival mode and is trying to recapture its research glory. But as the government backs universities and applied research, what does the future hold for the Russian Academy of Sciences?
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1036
University Research Should Compete With Russian Academy, Science Minister Argues
Minister of Education and Science Andrei Fursenko met with Science at the ministry's imposing Tverskaya Street headquarters in September to discuss how Russia plans to reinvigorate its research base.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1038
Uncertain Future for Academy's Biology Experiment
Ask anyone familiar with the Russian Academy of Sciences how the organization can be reformed so that it funds the best researchers, rather than those with the best connections, and the discussion quickly turns to the efforts of Georgii Georgiev, who runs the academy's Molecular and Cell Biology program.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1040
Letters
Time to Take Action on Climate Communication
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6007/1044
Overbuilding: Doctoral Degree Surplus
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6007/1045-a
Overbuilding: Under Pressure
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6007/1045-b
Overbuilding: Overhead Revisions
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6007/1045-c
Overbuilding: Boosting School Ratings
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6007/1047-a
Corrections and Clarifications
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/330/6007/1047-b
Books et al.
A Law by Any Other Name Would Smell as Sweet
Roberta L. Millstein
McShea and Brandon argue that biological complexity is the expected outcome of being alive—in the absence of any other forces, both diversity and complexity will increase as the inevitable consequence of cumulative changes.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1048
Why a Grand Unified Theory Is Neither Feasible nor Desirable
Tadashi Fukami
Seeing a monolithic unified theory of ecology as neither feasible nor desirable, Loreau offers an alternative approach to bridging the fields of evolutionary biology, community ecology, and ecosystems.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1049-a
Books Received
A listing of books received at Science during the week ended 12 November 2010.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1049-b
Policy Forum
Genetically Modified Salmon and Full Impact Assessment
M. D. Smith et al.
Health and environmental impacts of GM salmon hinge on aggregate market size, which current regulatory processes ignore.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1052
Perspectives
Nanosilver Revisited Downstream
Bernd Nowack
Wastewater treatment converts potentially toxic nanosilver particles into more benign silver sulfide nanoparticles.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1054
-Secretase and Human Disease
R. J. Kelleher, III and J. Shen
The role of an enzyme in disease pathogenesis extends beyond Alzheimer's disease to a skin disorder.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1055
Magnetic Resonance and Microfluidics
M. Utz and J. Landers
The inner workings of microscale "lab-on-a-chip" devices can be revealed by nuclear magnetic resonance measurements on their exiting fluid flows.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1056
Topping Off a Multiscale Balancing Act
J. Lerman and B. O. Palsson
Quantitative predictions of the relationship between cell growth and gene expression have been made and validated in Escherichia coli.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1058
= Visual Cortex
Kenneth D. Miller
Three distantly-related mammals share a brain architecture characterized by a density of
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1059
Review Articles
Plant and Animal Sensors of Conserved Microbial Signatures
P. C. Ronald and B. Beutler
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1061
Brevia
-Secretase Gene Mutations in Familial Acne Inversa
B. Wang et al.
Mutations causing a rare skin disease reveal a signaling pathway that is a drug target for Alzheimer’s disease.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1065
Research Articles
Structures of the CXCR4 Chemokine GPCR with Small-Molecule and Cyclic Peptide Antagonists
B. Wu et al.
Five crystal structures provide insight into chemokine and HIV-1 recognition.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1066
Reports
The Uncertainty Principle Determines the Nonlocality of Quantum Mechanics
J. Oppenheim and S. Wehner
The two central elements of quantum theory, once assumed to be distinct concepts, are shown to be linked.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1072
Faster Interprotein Electron Transfer in a [Myoglobin, b5] Complex with a Redesigned Interface
P. Xiong et al.
Faster electron transfer in a redesigned protein complex provides insights into the role of conformational distributions.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1075
Zooming In on Microscopic Flow by Remotely Detected MRI
V. S. Bajaj et al.
A magnetic resonance imaging system allows finer analysis of fluid flow.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1078
Probing the Ultimate Limit of Fiber-Optic Strain Sensing
G. Gagliardi et al.
The precisely spaced teeth of an optical frequency comb can be used as a highly accurate strain gauge.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1081
Loss of Carbon from the Deep Sea Since the Last Glacial Maximum
J. Yu et al.
Carbon loss from the ocean to the atmosphere and terrestrial biosphere occurred at different rates in the last deglaciation.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1084
Glacial Silicic Acid Concentrations in the Southern Ocean
M. J. Ellwood et al.
Silicon isotope distributions in sponges contain the signature of ocean nutrient distributions during the last glacial period.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1088
Structure of the Human Dopamine D3 Receptor in Complex with a D2/D3 Selective Antagonist
E. Y. T. Chien et al.
Discovery of a binding site in the extracellular domain of a dopamine receptor offers hope for more selective therapeutics.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1091
Mcl-1 Is Essential for Germinal Center Formation and B Cell Memory
I. Vikstrom et al.
A protein that inhibits apoptosis is essential for the survival of immune memory cells.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1095
Interdependence of Cell Growth and Gene Expression: Origins and Consequences
M. Scott et al.
Simple mathematical models describe the relationship between bacterial replication, cellular resources, and protein expression.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1099
Symbiotic Bacterium Modifies Aphid Body Color
T. Tsuchida et al.
Infection with a symbiotic bacterium leads to a spectacular phenotypic change in its host, making red aphids turn green.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1102
PiggyBac Transposon Mutagenesis: A Tool for Cancer Gene Discovery in Mice
R. Rad et al.
Mutations induced by a transposable element in mice can be used to identify cancer-causing genes.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1104
Calcium-Permeable AMPA Receptor Dynamics Mediate Fear Memory Erasure
R. L. Clem and R. L. Huganir
The subunit composition of AMPA receptors at lateral amygdala synapses changes after the acquisition of associative fear.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1108
Universality in the Evolution of Orientation Columns in the Visual Cortex
M. Kaschube et al.
Analysis of evolutionarily divergent species highlights constraint on brain structure imposed by self-organizing neural networks.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/330/6007/1113-a
Departments
New Products
A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1117-a
Science Podcast
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1117-b
AAAS 2011 Annual Meeting Program
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/330/6007/1118
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